Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm hydrogen roj hlwb yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rov qab ntawm cov dej electrolyzed. Raws li thaum ntxov xyoo 1830, cov kws tshawb fawb txawv teb chaws pom qhov rov qab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm cov dej electrolyzed thiab tsim hluav taws xob tam sim no. Yav dhau los, roj hlwb feem ntau yog siv nyob rau hauv tshwj xeeb teb xws li aerospace. Nyob rau hauv kaum xyoo dhau los, nrog rau kev paub ntau ntxiv ntawm kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig thoob ntiaj teb, txo kev siv hluav taws xob, thiab kev txhim kho kom ruaj khov, cov roj hlwb tau pib tau txais kev saib xyuas thiab kev loj hlob.
Cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm ntawm cov roj hluav taws xob hydrogen yog cov thev naus laus zis uas ua ke hydrogen nrog oxygen hauv huab cua los ua dej H2O thiab tso tawm hluav taws xob hluav taws xob. Nws yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev ua haujlwm tsis tshua muaj qhov kub thiab txias pib ceev. Nws yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog haum rau siv raws li lub hwj chim roj teeb.
Kauj Ruam 1: Hydrogen ncav cuag lub anode los ntawm cov yeeb nkab lossis cua qhia phaj. Nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm lub anode catalyst, cov hydrogen molecules yog ionized rau hauv zoo them hydrogen ions (protons) thiab tso tawm tsis zoo electrons.
Kauj Ruam 2: Hydrogen ions dhau los ntawm electrolyte (proton exchange membrane) mus rau cathode, thiab electrons dhau los ntawm sab nraud Circuit Court mus rau cathode. Cov electrons tsim ib qho tam sim no nyob rau hauv sab nraud Circuit Court, thiab los ntawm kev sib txuas tsim nyog, hluav taws xob hluav taws xob tuaj yeem tso tawm rau lub nra.
Kauj Ruam 3: Ntawm qhov kawg ntawm lub roj teeb, cov pa oxygen (cua) nce mus txog lub cathode los ntawm cov yeeb nkab lossis cua qhia phaj. Nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cathode catalyst, cov pa oxygen reacts nrog hydrogen ions thiab electrons los tsim dej.
Muaj ntau hom roj hlwb, thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm lawv yog cov electrolyte. Cov roj hluav taws xob hydrogen muaj cov phaj bipolar (anode, cathode) thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib pauv. Cov roj hydrogen yog oxidized ntawm lub anode, oxidant yog txo nyob rau hauv cathode, thiab cov proton exchange membrane ua lub electrolyte. Ob tug ncej muaj cov catalysts uas ua kom cov tshuaj tiv thaiv electrochemical ntawm electrodes.