Zirconium yog cov khoom hlau nrog lub cim cim Zr. Nws yog nyob rau hauv pawg IV-B nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm lub ntsiab lus. Nws tus lej atomic yog 40, nws qhov ceev yog 6.49g / cm³, nws qhov melting point yog 1852 degree, thiab nws qhov kub kub yog 4377 degree. Zirconium yog cov nyiaj dawb-dawb hloov pauv hlau uas feem ntau hu ua "tsis tshua muaj hlau" vim nws txoj kev tsim khoom nyuaj thiab nyuaj rau kev rho tawm. Qhov tseeb, cov ntsiab lus ntawm zirconium nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb crust yog hais txog 0.025%, qeb thib 19, yuav luag sib npaug ntawm chromium, thiab ntau dua li cov hlau xws li tooj liab, txhuas, npib tsib xee, thiab zinc, tab sis nws qhov kev faib tawm yog tawg heev. Zirconium yooj yim tsim cov yeeb yaj kiab oxide ntawm nws qhov chaw hauv huab cua, uas ci ntsa iab thiab zoo ib yam li cov hlau. Zirconium muaj kev tiv thaiv corrosion, tab sis yog soluble hauv hydrofluoric acid thiab aqua regia; ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, nws tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog ntau lub ntsiab lus los tsim cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke. Lub corrosion kuj ntawm zirconium yog zoo dua li ntawm titanium, thiab nyob ze rau tantalum thiab niobium. Raws li qhov zoo ntawm cov yas zirconium, nws feem ntau ua tiav rau hauv daim hlau, xov hlau, thiab lwm yam. Zirconium tuaj yeem nqus tau ntau cov pa oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen thiab lwm yam roj thaum cua sov, thiab tuaj yeem siv los ua cov khoom siv hydrogen. Raws li cov peev txheej tsawg, zirconium tau siv dav hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, ceramics, iav, petrochemicals, cov khoom siv hauv tsev, tshuaj, textiles thiab khoom siv niaj hnub. Australia thiab South Africa yog qhov chaw siv zirconium concentrated, thaum Tuam Tshoj thiab Europe yog cov neeg siv khoom tseem ceeb ntawm zirconium.
1.Cov keeb kwm ntawm kev tshawb pom ntawm zirconium
Zirconium muaj npe tom qab zircon, uas tau siv los ua cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub los ntawm tib neeg rau ntau pua xyoo. Zircon kuj tau hais nyob rau hauv phau Vajlugkub yog ib qho ntawm 12 lub pov haum hnav los ntawm cov pov thawj hlob ntawm cov neeg Ixayees.
Zircon tuaj nyob rau hauv ntau yam xim zoo nkauj los ntawm txiv kab ntxwv mus rau liab, thiab xim tsis muaj zircon yuav qhia ib tug dazzling ci ntsa iab tom qab txiav. Nws yog vim li no tias zircon tau yuam kev rau lub pob zeb muag muag rau lub sijhawm ntev.
Kev tshawb pom thiab kev rho tawm ntawm zirconium feem ntau yog los ntawm ob tus kws tshuaj, German chemist Martin Heinrich Klaproth thiab Swedish chemist Jöns Jacob Berzelius ), ob tus kws tshuaj ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb rau kev tshawb pom thiab kev ua kom huv ntawm zirconium.
Nyob rau hauv 1789, German chemist Martin tau ua pov thawj tias zircon tsis yog pob zeb diamond, qhia meej rau tib neeg kev nkag siab tsis zoo txog zircon. Los ntawm cua sov zircon nrog cov reactive compound sodium hydroxide, nws pom tias ob yam tshuaj reacted los ua ib tug oxide. Martin ntseeg tias qhov oxide no muaj cov khoom tshiab. Nws muab lub npe tshiab oxide zirconium oxide thiab lub caij tshiab zirconium.
Martin tsis tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov zirconium ntshiab vim tias nws muaj tshuaj zoo ib yam li hafnium, uas feem ntau tshwm sim nrog zirconium hauv zirconium ore. Nws tsis yog txog 35 xyoo tom qab, xyoo 1824, Swedish chemist Bechlias tau tsim cov zirconium ntshiab thawj zaug. Lub sijhawm ntawd, ob peb lwm tus kws tshuaj lom neeg kuj tau ua haujlwm rau txoj haujlwm no, tab sis tsis muaj leej twg ua tiav. Bacilias ua tiav hauv kev rho tawm cov zirconium ntshiab los ntawm cua sov sib xyaw ntawm potassium thiab potassium fluozirconate hauv ib lub raj hlau. Lub purity ntawm dub hmoov zirconium tau nyob rau hauv qhov kev sim mus txog 93%. Lub purity ntawm zirconium uas ua los ntawm Bechilias 'purification yuav tsis raug txhim kho. Nws tsis yog txog ze li ntawm 100 xyoo tom qab uas muaj cov purity zirconium tau tsim. Niaj hnub no, zirconium feem ntau yog muab rho tawm los ntawm zircon (ZrSiO4) thiab zirconium dioxide (ZrO2). Cov txheej txheem rho tawm yog hu ua "Kroll Process".
Lub npe zirconium los ntawm zircon, los ntawm Persian lo lus "kub" (zargun). Nws yog hais tias lub npe no yog vim qhov muag-catch xim ntawm ib co zircon hniav nyiaj hniav kub. Qhov tseeb, muaj ntau yam xim ntawm zircon. Liab, xim av, ntsuab thiab daj yog ntau dua. Colorless zircon kuj muaj ntau dua ntawm tib neeg.
2.Zirconium siv thiab siv thaj chaw
Txij li thaum ancient sij hawm, zirconium tau siv los ua lub pov haum vim nws cov xim nplua nuj thiab muaj xim zoo nkauj, ua si lub luag haujlwm zoo nkauj hauv tib neeg lub neej. Raws li tib neeg kev nkag siab ntawm zirconium txuas ntxiv zuj zus, nws cov ntawv thov tau dhau los ua ntau dua. Tej zaum cov neeg feem coob tsis paub txog zirconium, tab sis nws tau nkag mus rau hauv txhua yam ntawm peb lub neej. Piv txwv li, zirconium yog indispensable nyob rau hauv ntau yam nyob ib ncig ntawm lub tsev, ceramics, riam, decorations, thiab lwm yam uas yog ib qho tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv lub neej, thiab txawm nyob rau hauv cov tub rog thiab nuclear fais fab teb.
Zirconium kev lag luam saw
Zirconium cov khoom muaj ntau yam thiab ntau hom. Thawj daim ntawv ntxhia yog zircon xuab zeb. Tom qab kev kho mob nrog dej qab zib caustic, dej ntxuav, thiab lwm yam, cov khoom tseem ceeb xws li zirconium silicate thiab zirconium oxychloride tuaj yeem tsim. Nrog txuas ntxiv calcination, chlorination, thiab txo qis, cov khoom thib ob kuj tuaj yeem tsim tau. Zirconia, qib industrial zirconium daim txhuam cev thiab lwm yam khoom; Yog hais tias lub purification thiab kev sib cais tshuab mus txog ib theem, nuclear zog qib zirconium daim txhuam cev yuav ua tau.
Zirconium muaj ntau yam kev siv. Nws yog tsuas yog siv nyob rau hauv ceramics, refractory cov ntaub ntawv thiab lwm yam teb nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm zirconium silicate thiab zirconium oxide. Tsuas yog 3% -4% ntawm zirconium ores tau ua tiav rau hauv cov hlau zirconium (los yog zirconium daim txhuam cev), thiab tom qab ntawd ntxiv ua tiav rau ntau yam ntaub ntawv zirconium. Vim tias nws yog xim hlau zirconium muaj ib qho me me thermal neutron absorption cross-section, nws yog xim hlau zirconium muaj cov khoom zoo heev. Nuclear-qib zirconium siv cov yam ntxwv no los siv los ua cov khoom siv thiab cov roj uranium rau cov tsheb thauj neeg mob nuclear, nuclear submarines thiab pej xeem lub zog tsim hluav taws xob reactors. Encasing thiab lwm yam Nuclear-qib zirconium tuaj yeem suav tias yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov hlau zoo rau lub teb chaws thiab muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo rau kev tsim kho ntawm kev lag luam nuclear.
Raws li ib tug active hlau, zirconium tsim ib tug oxide zaj duab xis ntawm chav tsev kub. Qhov no oxide zaj duab xis muab zirconium thiab nws cov alloys zoo heev corrosion kuj. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, zirconium muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hloov hluav taws xob, ua ke nrog cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb, ua rau nws zoo heev corrosion-resistant cov khoom siv hauv kev lag luam petrochemical niaj hnub no.
Lub zirconium siv nyob rau hauv tshuaj lom neeg acid thiab alkali resistant khoom, tub rog kev lag luam, thiab electronics kev lag luam yog hu ua industrial qib zirconium. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev yooj yim ntawm kev ua, thev naus laus zis qib thiab cov ntsiab lus tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis, zirconium hlau thiab nws cov khoom siv alloy yog nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm cov saw hlau.
Taw qhia rau cov khoom siv zirconium thiab lawv daim ntawv thov
Zirconium silicate
Zirconium silicate yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv zirconium. Cov khoom siv zircon xuab zeb ua raw khoom thiab tuaj yeem tsim tau tom qab sib tsoo, calcining thiab hmoov. Nws yog ib qho zoo thiab pheej yig opacifying tus neeg saib xyuas rau ceramic glazes. Nws yog tsuas yog siv nyob rau hauv cov xim glazes rau lub tsev ceramics, niaj hnub ceramics thiab hluav taws xob porcelain. Ntau lawm, nws kuj yog siv dav hauv cov khoom siv refractory siab heev, precision casting, emulsified iav thiab lwm yam lag luam.
Zirconium carbonate
Nws yog tsuas yog siv los ua additives thiab waterproofing agents, nplaim retardants, sunscreens, thiab nto additives rau fibers thiab cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj pleev ib ce. Nws kuj tseem siv tau los npaj cov khoom siv zirconium-cerium composite catalytic. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb raw khoom nyob rau hauv textile, papermaking, coatings, thiab tshuaj pleev ib ce industries. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, Kev siv txuas ntxiv mus ntxiv.
Zirconium oxychloride
Nws yog cov khoom siv tseem ceeb rau kev tsim cov khoom siv zirconium xws li zirconium dioxide, zirconium carbonate, zirconium sulfate, composite zirconium oxide thiab kev sib cais ntawm zirconium thiab hafnium los npaj cov hlau zirconium thiab hafnium. Nws kuj tseem siv tau rau hauv textiles, tawv, roj hmab additives, hlau nto kho cov neeg ua hauj, xim desiccants, Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, kuv lub teb chaws cov khoom tsim tawm txhua xyoo ntawm cov khoom siv refractory, ceramics, catalysts, hluav taws kub retardants thiab lwm yam khoom muaj tshaj 90,{{1} } tons. Zircon xuab zeb yog cov khoom siv tseem ceeb ntawm zirconium oxychloride.
Fused zirconia
Raws li fused zirconium thiab fused zirconia, nws yog tsuas yog siv los tsim glazes thiab cov ntaub ntawv refractory. Vim cov ntsiab lus siab impurity nyob rau hauv fused zirconium, nws siv yog txwv.
Zirconium sulfate
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb raw khoom rau tawv tanning tus neeg saib xyuas, wool kho cov neeg ua hauj thiab xim nto oxidants. Nws tuaj yeem siv ua catalyst carriers, amino acids thiab proteins, precipitants thiab deodorants. Nws kuj yog ib qho khoom siv nruab nrab rau kev npaj cov tshuaj zirconium thiab hlau zirconium thiab hafnium.
Zirconium dioxide
Zirconium dioxide all-ceramic yog cov khoom tsis muaj tshuaj lom, tsis muaj ntxhiab tsw dawb nrog kev ruaj ntseg txaus rau alkali daws thiab ntau cov kua qaub. Nws yog tsim rau precision ceramics, hluav taws xob ceramics, optical lo ntsiab muag, iav additives, electrolyzed zirconium bricks, ceramic pigments, thiab lwm yam.
Composite zirconia
Kuj tseem hu ua semi-ruaj khov thiab ruaj khov zirconia, nws yog cov hmoov tsis muaj tshuaj lom, tsis muaj ntxhiab tsw dawb nrog cov khoom siv tshuaj ruaj khov thiab tswj tau qhov chaw tshwj xeeb. Nws yog cov khoom siv tseem ceeb rau kev tsim ntau yam tshwj xeeb ceramics, cov khoom siv refractory siab heev, cov khoom siv kho qhov muag, thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tshiab.
Zirconia structural ceramics
Ua los ntawm cov zirconia composite li raw khoom, nws muaj xws li zirconia sib tsoo xov xwm thiab zirconia yam ntxwv qhov chaw. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm zirconia feem ntau suav nrog zirconia tshwj xeeb ceramic li qub, fiber ntau optic connectors, ceramic riam, saib accessories, thiab ceramic plaub hau txiab. ntsiav tshuaj, textile porcelain, thiab lwm yam.
Nuclear qib zirconium
Nws yog tsuas yog siv los ua cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog rau nuclear-powered aircraft carriers, nuclear submarines thiab pej xeem lub zog tsim reactors, thiab raws li cladding rau uranium roj ntsiab. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov hlau.
Muaj qib zirconium
Muaj qib zirconium feem ntau yog siv rau hauv kev tsim cov tshuaj acid thiab alkali resistant khoom, tub rog kev lag luam, electronics kev lag luam, pipeline valve cov ntaub ntawv, tshwj xeeb high-strength thiab high-temperature alloy cov ntaub ntawv, thiab getters nyob rau hauv lub tshuab nqus tsev hluav taws xob thiab teeb pom kev lag luam.
Phom Qib Zirconium
Siv ua daim txhuam cev zirconium combustion tus neeg sawv cev rau phom, thiab kuj haum rau alloy additives thiab metallurgical deoxidizers, tshuaj lom neeg kev lag luam, pej xeem flash fireworks, thiab lwm yam.
Ntiaj teb no zirconium noj cheeb tsam
Tam sim no, Tuam Tshoj thiab Europe yog cov neeg siv khoom lag luam tseem ceeb rau zirconium, nrog rau Tuam Tshoj qhov kev thov rau zirconium suav txog li 52%. Tuam Tshoj lub zog nuclear tau nkag mus rau theem ntawm kev loj hlob sai, tsim kom muaj kev thov rau nuclear-qib zirconium. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, Tuam Tshoj yog tus tsim khoom loj thiab xa tawm cov ceramics hauv ntiaj teb, thiab zirconium silicate yog cov khoom siv ncaj qha thiab tseem ceeb ntawm kev lag luam ceramics. Nrog rau kev loj hlob sai ntawm Tuam Tshoj txoj kev lag luam ceramic hauv xyoo tas los no, qhov kev thov rau zirconium kuj tau nce ntxiv.
3.Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm zirconium rau tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv
Zirconium tsis muaj teeb meem rau tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv. Zirconia ceramics thiab ntau yam hniav nyiaj hniav kub yog dav siv nyob rau hauv lub neej txhua hnub. Txawm li cas los xij, Lub Xeev Kev Tswj Xyuas Kev Lag Luam thiab Kev Lag Luam tau tshaj tawm tias zirconium hauv cov vuas ceramic tuaj yeem ua rau mob qog noj ntshav.
Zirconium silicate tuaj yeem "dawb" ceramic vuas. Cov xim dawb dua, qhov ntau dua yuav ua rau mob qog noj ntshav.
Cov ntawv tshaj tawm uas cuam tshuam los ntawm General Administration ntawm Kev Saib Xyuas Zoo, Kev Tshuaj Xyuas thiab Quarantine tshaj tawm tias peb cov khoom lag luam ntawm ob lub npe ua tsis tau raws li "radioactive nuclide limit", uas ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab loj hauv zej zog thiab ua rau muaj kev teb loj heev hauv zej zog thiab kev ntshai. hais txog "tile carcinogen txoj kev xav".
Nws muaj peev xwm ua rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ua rau cov qog nqaij hlav malignant. Lawv feem ntau ua rau cov kab mob ntawm tes thiab ua rau cov qog nqaij hlav hauv ntshav xws li leukemia, lymphoma, thiab mob qog noj ntshav. Raws li txoj kev xav hais tias ntau dhau ntawm cov xov tooj cua hauv cov vuas luaj ua rau cov qog nqaij hlav, Tus Thawj Coj Chen ntawm Hematology Department ntawm First Affiliated Tsev Kho Mob ntawm Guangzhou University of Traditional suav tshuaj tau hais tias hauv nws qhov kev paub txog kev kho mob thiab cov ntaub ntawv hauv tsev, nws tsis tau ntsib cov xwm txheej zoo li no thiab. cov ntaub ntawv ntsig txog. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum nws los txog rau lub neej thiab kev noj qab haus huv, nws yog qhov zoo dua rau kev ceev faj. Yog li ntawd, cov kws tshaj lij pom zoo tias cov neeg siv khoom yuav tsum tsis txhob ua qhov muag tsis pom kev dawb thaum yuav cov vuas luaj ceramic.
Yuav ua li cas paub qhov txawv zircon los ntawm pob zeb diamond?
Cov tsos ntawm zircon thiab pob zeb diamond zoo sib xws, tab sis tus nqi ntawm zircon thiab pob zeb diamond sib txawv heev. Qee cov tub lag luam uas tsis paub cai siv zircon kom dhau los ua pob zeb diamond los dag ntxias cov neeg siv khoom thiab tau txais txiaj ntsig loj.
Tsis muaj xim thiab pob tshab zircon yog qhov zoo hloov pauv rau pob zeb diamond tom qab ua tib zoo xav. Lub refractive index ntawm zircon yog ze rau 2, thiab nws dispersion zoo ib yam li cov pob zeb diamond. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv tsos, zircon kuj sparkles nrog lub teeb xim, zoo li pob zeb diamond. Ua ntej qhov tshwm sim ntawm pob zeb diamonds dag, zircon yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws hloov rau pob zeb diamond. Tam sim no, zircon tau dhau los ua tus thawj coj hauv nruab nrab-rau-kawg-kawg gemstones, tab sis zircon yog pheej yig dua pob zeb diamond. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog rau cov neeg siv khoom kom nkag siab qhov sib txawv ntawm zircon thiab pob zeb diamond.
Qhov sib txawv ntawm zircon thiab pob zeb diamond
Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm zircon muaj xws li siab refractive index, muaj zog luster, siab birefringence, siab ceev, siab dispersion thiab raug spectral yam ntxwv, thiab lwm yam, uas ua rau ib tug tshwj xeeb kho qhov muag tshwm sim. Thaum pom nrog lub iav magnifying, Thaum lub zircon tiav lawm, nws tuaj yeem pom los ntawm nws sab saum toj saum npoo uas muaj qhov pom tseeb ob chav duab ntxoov ntxoo rau hauv qab thiab ridges. Vim tias pob zeb diamond yog "homogeneous", yuav tsis muaj qhov tshwm sim ob npaug, yog li zircon tuaj yeem txawv ntawm pob zeb diamond tiag.
Pob zeb diamond yog ib homogeneous lub cev, tag nrho dub nyob rau hauv crossed polarizers thiab muaj siab hardness; thaum zircon tshwm plaub lub teeb thiab plaub tsaus ntuj nyob rau hauv crossed polarizers. Pob zeb diamonds yog lipophilic, thiab cov cwj mem ballpoint tuaj yeem yooj yim tawm cov kab tsis cuam tshuam rau saum npoo ntawm pob zeb diamond. Tau kawg, cov kab no tuaj yeem yooj yim so tawm. Zircon tsis yog lipophilic, thiab cov cwj mem ballpoint tsis tuaj yeem tawm tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm nws qhov chaw. Cov kab ntawm clarity.
4.Zirconium resource reserve tis thiab ntxhia ntau lawm qhia
Ntiaj teb no zirconium resource reserves
Tam sim no, ntawm ntau tshaj 40 hom zirconium thiab hafnium deposits uas tau pom, tsuas yog hais txog 10 muaj mining nqi, thiab tsuas yog ob hom, zircon thiab baddeleyite, yog siv rau industrial ntau lawm.
Raws li kev txheeb cais los ntawm Tebchaws Meskas Geological Survey (USGS) hauv 2015, ntiaj teb zirconium reserves yog 78 lab tons, thiab cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj zircon tshaj 60 lab tons (xws li ZrO2). Ntawm lawv, Australia thiab South Africa muaj feem ntau tshaj plaws ntawm lub ntiaj teb zirconium reserves, accounting rau 65.38% thiab 17.95% feem. Lwm lub tebchaws uas muaj ntau cov zirconium reserves suav nrog Is Nrias teb, Mozambique thiab Indonesia. Kuv lub teb chaws cov peev txheej zirconium muaj tsawg heev, suav txog tsuas yog 0.6% ntawm lub ntiaj teb cov peev txheej.
|
Ntiaj teb no zirconium ore reserves (Unit: txhiab tons) |
|
|
Lub teb chaws |
Khaws cia |
|
Teb chaws USA |
500 |
|
Australia |
51,000 |
|
Tuam Tshoj |
500 |
|
Is Nrias teb |
3,400 |
|
Indonesia |
NA |
|
Mozambique |
1,100 |
|
South Africa |
14,000 |
|
Lwm lub tebchaws |
7,200 |
|
Ntiaj teb tag nrho |
78,000 |
Ntiaj teb no zirconium ore ntau lawm
Raws li cov ntaub ntawv tso tawm los ntawm Teb Chaws Asmeskas Geological Survey hauv 2015, lub ntiaj teb zirconium ore ntau lawm hauv 2014 yog 1.54 lab tons, ib xyoo-rau-xyoo txo ntawm 30,000 tons. Australia yog thawj zaug hauv ntiaj teb nrog kev tsim tawm ntawm 900, 000 tons, suav txog 58.44% ntawm tag nrho lub ntiaj teb. Ua raws li South Africa, nrog rau cov zis ntawm 170,{13}} tons, suav txog 11.03%. Tag nrho cov txiaj ntsig ntawm ob lub teb chaws suav txog 69.47% ntawm lub ntiaj teb tag nrho, uas yog qhov nyuaj rau lwm lub teb chaws kom phim. Tuam Tshoj nyob rau qib thib peb nrog kev tsim khoom ntawm 140,{19}} tons, suav txog 9.74% ntawm tag nrho lub ntiaj teb.
|
Ntiaj teb no zirconium ore ntau lawm (Unit: txhiab tons) |
||
|
Lub teb chaws |
2013 |
2014 |
|
Teb chaws USA |
W |
W |
|
Australia |
850 |
900 |
|
Tuam Tshoj |
150 |
140 |
|
Is Nrias teb |
41 |
40 |
|
Indonesia |
110 |
120 |
|
Mozambique |
47 |
56 |
|
South Africa |
170 |
170 |
|
Lwm lub tebchaws |
140 |
110 |
|
Ntiaj teb tag nrho |
1510 |
1540 |
Zirconium ntxhia hauv paus chiv keeb feem ntau yog nyob hauv South Australia, Western Australia thiab New South Wales hauv Australia, suav nrog Eucla Basin, Geraldton, Murray Basin, thiab Perth Basin. ) thiab Tiwi Islands yog cov chaw ua haujlwm zirconium mining hauv Australia niaj hnub no. Lub cheeb tsam Richards Bay Deposit hauv South Africa, Florida hauv Tebchaws Meskas, Mozambique hauv Africa, thiab Indonesia, Nyab Laj, thiab Is Nrias teb hauv Asia txhua tus tsim ib qho nyiaj zirconium.
Cov neeg tsim khoom tseem ceeb zirconium suav nrog Australia's Iluka Company, South Africa's Richards Bay Minerals thiab South Africa's Exxaro Resources Ltd. Tuam Tshoj yog cov neeg siv khoom loj zirconium.
Tuam Tshoj cov chaw tsim khoom zirconium feem ntau yog faib hauv Wenchang thiab Wanning hauv Hainan thiab Zhanjiang hauv Guangdong. Hauv Suav teb, tsuas yog zircon xuab zeb mloog zoo los ntawm Wenchang, Hainan muaj qhov zoo tshaj plaws, thaum Wanning thiab Zhanjiang tsuas yog tsim cov zircon xuab zeb zoo tib yam.
5.Zirconium Kev Lag Luam Txuj
HG/T 4694-2014 Muaj siab purity zirconium oxychloride
HG/T 3786-2014 Muaj zirconium sulfate
HG/T 3785-2014 Muaj zirconium carbonate
JC/T 2247-2014 Zirconium silicate sib tsoo tawm pob
JC/T 817-2014 Gem-qib hluavtaws cubic zirconia siv lead ua
GB/T 30568-2014 Zirconium thiab zirconium alloy forgings
JB/T 9223-2013 Zirconium xuab zeb thiab hmoov rau casting
YS/T 913-2013 Zirconium thiab zirconium alloy ncuav thiab rings
HG/T 4545-2013 Zirconium oxychloride ntau lawm pov tseg txoj kev rov ua dua tshiab
YB/T 4075-2013 Zirconium sizing nozzle
GB/T 21183-2007 Zirconium thiab zirconium alloy daim hlau, strips thiab foils
GB/T 26563-2011 Fused zirconia
GB/T 26931-2011 Zirconium thiab zirconium alloy seem
GB/T 26283-2010 Zirconium thiab zirconium alloy seamless kav
GB/T 8767-2010 Zirconium thiab zirconium alloy ingots
GB/T 8769-2010 Zirconium thiab zirconium alloy rods thiab xov hlau
GBZ/T 160.26-2004 Kev txiav txim siab cov tshuaj lom hauv chaw ua haujlwm huab cua Zirconium thiab nws cov tshuaj
HG/T 2773-2012 Zirconium dioxide
HG/T 3785-2005 Muaj zirconium carbonate
HG/T 3786-2005 Muaj zirconium sulfate
JC/T 1094-2009 Zirconium silicate rau ceramics
YS/T 402-1994 Zirconium dioxide
YS/T 858-2013 Zirconium concentrate
YS/T 887-2013 Zirconium thiab zirconium alloy vuam hlau
6.Zirconium kev lag luam xov xwm
1. Shengli Pipeline yuav titanium thiab zirconium ore deposits hauv Nyab Laj rau US $ 32 lab
Shengli Roj thiab Gas Pipeline tshaj tawm thaum Lub Peb Hlis 30, 2015 tias nws cov chaw muag khoom ncaj qha Jinping Holdings tau siv $ 32 lab kom tau txais 56% ntawm cov peev txheej ntawm Blossom Time. Blossom Time cov cuab tam tseem ceeb nyob hauv Phu Long District, Ham Thuan North County, Binh Thuan Province, Nyab Laj Mui Da 2 cov titanium thiab zirconium ore deposits muaj tag nrho cov chaw ntawm 260 hectares.
2. Oriental Zirconium Kev lag luam cov nyiaj tau los hauv 2014 yog 5.97 lab yuan
Oriental Zirconium Kev Lag Luam tau tshaj tawm tsab ntawv ceeb toom kev ua tau zoo nyob rau yav tsaus ntuj ntawm Lub Ob Hlis 27, 2015. Lub tuam txhab cov nyiaj tau los hauv 2014 yog 5.97 lab yuan, tig ib qho kev poob rau hauv cov txiaj ntsig xyoo-rau-xyoo. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm xyoo tas los, lub tuam txhab raug kev txom nyem los ntawm 68.6371 lab yuan. Thaum lub sijhawm, lub tuam txhab ua tiav cov nyiaj tau los ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm 844 lab yuan, ib xyoos ib zaug nce ntawm 46.05%.
Dongfang Zirconium Kev Lag Luam tau hais tias thaum lub sijhawm tshaj tawm, cov khoom tsim tawm thiab kev muag khoom ntawm lub tuam txhab tuav lub koom haum Mingrui Zirconium Industry Co., Ltd. tau nce, thiab kev ua lag luam rau daim txhuam cev zirconium khoom ntawm nws cov koom tes ua lag luam Chaoyang Dongzirconium New Materials Co., Ltd. maj mam nthuav dav thiab nuclear-qib zirconium sponge Exports tau ua tiav thiab cov khoom muag tau maj mam nce, ob qho tib si tau nce lawv cov txiaj ntsig rau lub tuam txhab cov txiaj ntsig.
3. Tuam Tshoj tus AP1000 nuclear-qib zirconium cov khoom siv ntau lawm kab dhau Westinghouse qualification appraisal
Thaum Lub Ib Hlis 28, 2015, AP1000 nuclear-qib zirconium cov khoom siv ntau lawm kab ntawm State Nuclear Power Titanium Zirconium Co., Ltd. dhau qhov kev ntsuam xyuas cov khoom zoo ntawm American Westinghouse Electric Company thiab tau txais LQC los ntawm nws. Qhov no qhia tau hais tias Lub Xeev Nuclear Zirconium Kev Lag Luam tau ua tiav kev tsim khoom siv thev naus laus zis ntawm AP1000 nuclear-qib zirconium cov ntaub ntawv, tag nrho muaj peev xwm thiab cov xwm txheej los muab cov ntaub ntawv nuclear-qib zirconium rau AP1000-raws li cov haujlwm, thiab tau ua tiav kuv lub teb chaws. Lub hom phiaj ntawm lub hom phiaj ntawm localizing nuclear-qib zirconium cov ntaub ntawv.
Nyob rau ntawm daim ntawv pov thawj khoom plig rau hnub ntawd, Robert J Buechel, tus lwm thawj ntawm Asia Fuel Operations for Westinghouse Electric Company Nuclear Fuel, tau hais tias qhov tau txais daim ntawv pov thawj tsim nyog qhia tau hais tias Lub Xeev Nuclear Zirconium Kev Lag Luam tau tsim muaj peev xwm zirconium nrog cov qauv siab. . Nuclear qib zirconium khoom.
4. Anhui kev lag luam tau txais lub ntiaj teb loj tshaj plaws ib leeg titanium thiab zirconium ntxhia txoj cai hauv teb chaws Africa
Thaum lub Kaum Ib Hlis 3, 2014, Anhui Txawv Teb Chaws Kev Lag Luam Kev Lag Luam (Group) Co., Ltd. thiab Yunnan Xinli Nonferrous Metals Co., Ltd. thiab tsoomfwv Mozambican koom ua ke kos npe rau daim ntawv cog lus mining thiab cov txheej txheem hloov cov dej ntxhia rau Chibuto titanium thiab zirconium mine project. hauv Mozambique. Cov ntaub ntawv qhia tau hais tias thaj chaw mining no yog qhov loj tshaj plaws paub ib leeg titanium-zirconium ore nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb, nrog cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj ntawm 2.672 billion tons.
Titanium-zirconium ore yog ib qho tsis tshua muaj peev txheej thiab yog dav siv hauv precision casting, advanced refractory cov ntaub ntawv, aerospace, kev kho mob thiab tshuaj industries thiab lwm yam lag luam. Mozambique's Chibuto titanium-zirconium mine tau tshawb pom los ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav hauv xyoo 1997. Nws yog qhov loj thiab qib siab. Anhui cov tuam txhab tau txais cov cai ntxhia thiab mining txoj cai ntawm qhov project tom qab ntau tshaj li ob xyoos ntawm kev npaj thiab kev sib tham. Anhui Txawv Teb Chaws Kev Lag Luam Kev Tsim Kho Pab Pawg tau siv zog siv lub tswv yim "Tawm Tawm" thiab tau koom tes nrog tsoomfwv thiab kev lag luam ntawm cov teb chaws African cuam tshuam los tsim Anjin Pob Zeb Diamond Mine, Jin'an Pob Zeb Diamond Mine hauv Zimbabwe, emerald mines, roj thiab roj av mines hauv Zambia, thiab pob zeb diamond mines hauv Democratic Republic of the Congo, thiab lwm yam.
5. Zirconium ore imported los ntawm Nigeria tau rov kuaj pom tias muaj cov qauv siv hluav taws xob hnyav dhau thiab raug xa rov qab.
Thaum Lub Peb Hlis 16, 2013, nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas nruj ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm Haicang Inspection thiab Quarantine Bureau, ib pawg ntawm zircon xuab zeb ore los ntawm Nigeria raug xa tawm ntawm Haicang Hairun Terminal.
Qhov no yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntau tshaj plaws zirconium puas tau rov qab los rau Haicang Chaw nres nkoj, hnyav 82 tons thiab thauj khoom hauv peb 20- ko taw ntim. Thaum cov pob zeb ntawm zircon xuab zeb no nkag mus rau hauv lub tebchaws, qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob ntawm qhov chaw kuaj pom muaj nyob nruab nrab ntawm 53.37 thiab 62.52 microsievert / teev, ob qho tib si dhau ntawm tus nqi keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm ntau dua 260 zaug, thiab qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm tus nqi keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm 300 npaug. .
Thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 22, 2014, ib pawg ntawm 56 tons ntawm zircon xuab zeb los ntawm Nigeria tau raug xaj kom xa rov qab los ntawm Zhongshan Kev Tshawb Fawb thiab Quarantine Bureau vim tias cov xov tooj cua tshaj li tus qauv 250 zaug.
Thaum lub Plaub Hlis 2015, Zhanjiang Inspection thiab Quarantine Bureau tau tshuaj xyuas, saib xyuas thiab saib xyuas cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib txawv ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv Zhanjiang Chaw nres nkoj thiab pom tias 13 pawg thiab 6,027 tons ntawm cov titanium ore thiab zircon xuab zeb tuaj yeem muaj qhov sib npaug ntawm cov koob tshuaj ntau dua li keeb kwm yav dhau los. tus nqi. Ntau tshaj 10 lub sij hawm, mus txog 48 zaug, cov xov tooj cua tshaj tawm tus nqi suav rau 21% ntawm tag nrho cov khoom xa tuaj txawv teb chaws. Yog tias cov khoom siv ntxhia no tsis raug saib xyuas zoo thiab muab pov tseg, lawv yuav ua rau muaj kev phom sij loj rau kuv lub tebchaws ib puag ncig kev nyab xeeb thiab kev noj qab haus huv rau pej xeem thiab kev nyab xeeb, uas yuav tsum tau saib xyuas. thiab ceev faj.
Cov khoom muaj feem xyuam hauv ehisen
